Esmeralda Curiel Organic Chemistry November 11‚ 2014 Experiment 62 – The Aldehyde Enigma INTRODUCTION In the Cannizaro reaction an aldehyde is simultaneously reduced into its primary alcohol form and also oxidized into it ’s carboxylic acid form. The purpose of this experiment is to isolate‚ purify and identify compounds 1 and 2 which contain 4-chlorobenzaldehyde‚ methanol‚ and aqueous potassium hydroxide. Compounds 1 and 2 are purified by crystallization. . The purified product will be characterized
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148.3 | Table 3: Melting Points Wavenumbers (cm-1) | Functional groups | 1593 | Aromatic | 3065 | Sp2 C-H bond | 1659 | C=O bond/carbonyl group | Table 4: IR wavenumbers and functional groups of Benzil Wavenumbers (cm-1) | Functional groups | 1600 | Aromatic | 3100-3000 | Sp2 C-H bond | 3100-2900 | Carboxylic Acid | 3300 | O-H alcohol | 1650 | C=O bond/carbonyl group | Table 5: IR wavenumbers and functional groups of Benzilic Acid Discussion: In this experiment‚ benzoin
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steroids‚ such as testosterone‚ estrogen‚ and cholesterol)‚ Proteins (including enzymes‚ lipoproteins‚ glycoproteins‚ structural proteins‚ hormones‚ etc)‚ and Nucleotides ( nucleotides join to form nucleic acids‚ which‚ along with a sugar and phosphate group‚ build DNA‚ RNA‚ and ATP) Problem Statement: 1. Will making models help to better understand the form and function of these 4 types of biological molecules and their subgroups? Hypothesis: 1. Yes‚ I think that making the molecules will help
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concept of the functional group. A functional group is an atom or group of atoms‚ bonded together in a certain way‚ that‚ as part of a molecule‚ will impart certain physical and chemical characteristics to the molecule as a whole. It is the case that the rest of the molecule can modify the characteristics of the functional group. It is also the case that if the rest of the molecule is an alkyl group the modifications may be modest. On the other hand‚ other functional groups in the molecule
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Journal Critique on the Synthesis of New Derivatives of Resveratrol and to Explore its Potential Health Benefits Summary The goal of the study is to extract and purify resveratrol from fresh skin of black grapevine. Resveratrol is a member of a group of plant compounds called polyphenols and belongs to the class called stilbene. Resveratrol is produced by grapes and some plants in response to stress‚ injury‚ fungal or bacterial attack and ultraviolet radiation. Studies show that it makes chemotherapy
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principal element. • Carbon is special because it has 4 bonds. Functional Groups • Organic substances are organized into organic families. • Organic Families – group of organic compounds with common structural features. o Each family has a recognizable physical property and a specific structural arrangement. o Each combination is referred to as a functional group. o Even though many functional groups exist‚ they essentially consist of only 3 main components. ▪ Carbon-
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premiums and to be cost efficient in its manufacturing processes. While the various departments are organized in a highly differentiated‚ functional structure‚ the lack of integration has led to the "functional chimneys problem" where the functional groups are uncooperative and self-centered with narrow viewpoints. Also‚ functional overlaps between various groups have led to missed deadlines and confusion regarding the development process. The misalignment of departmental priorities has created numerous
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same chemical formula is called isomerism. 14. Homologous series : A group of members of the same class of organic compounds‚ which differ from each other by a – CH2 group‚ when arranged in the ascending order of molecular mass‚ is called a homologous series. 15. Homologous : The members of the same class of organic compounds‚ when arranged in the ascending order of molecular mass‚ such that they differ by 14 amu or a – CH2 group are called homologous. 16. Alkanes (saturated hydrocarbons) : Compounds
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adjacent to an ether linkage. They are derived by reacting an oxo acid with a hydroxyl compound such as an alcohol or phenol. Esters are usually derived from an inorganic acid or organic acid in which at least one -OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an -O-alkyl (alkoxy) group‚ and most commonly from carboxylic acids and alcohols. That is‚ esters are formed by condensing an acid with an alcohol. Esters are ubiquitous. Most naturally occurring fats and oils are the fatty acid esters of glycerol. Esters
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Richard F. Daley and Sally J. Daley www.ochem4free.com Organic Chemistry Chapter 2 Introduction to Organic Nomenclature and Functional Groups 2.1 Drawing Organic Structures 73 2.2 Alkanes 77 2.3 Structural Isomerism 77 2.4 IUPAC Nomenclature 79 2.5 Naming Alkanes 80 2.6 Naming Cycloalkanes 87 2.7 Naming Complex Alkyl Groups 2.8 Functional Groups 97 2.9 Naming Alkenes and Alkynes 2.10 Naming Alkenes‚ Part II 108 2.11 Arenes 109 2.12 Organohalogens 113 2.13 Using Molecular
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