... VRIO) of an activity or resource determine its sustainability as a source of
competitive advantage. Within its macroenvironment the following are Apple’s ...
... (Linzmayer, 172-4, 250) Intellectual property is sacred to Apple. ... Ultimately, the
value, rarity, inimitability, and/or organization (VRIO) of an activity or ...
... Apple certainly has several of these elements, such as ‘innovative capability’ that ...
such a capability can be tested using the VRIO framework suggested by ...
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