Analysis of “In The Idealist Wing of Confucianism: Mencius” “In The Idealist Wing of Confucianism: Mencius”‚ Fung explains the theories that Mencius developed and how it could be beneficial to a society. Mencius believed that all humans are born good and that they are also born with the “four beginnings” which are wisdom‚ propriety‚ righteousness‚ and human heartedness instilled in them. Fung compares Mencius to other philosophers of the time to allocate the differences between their theories. His
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As we all know that Mencius several times throughout Chinese history has been regarded as a potentially “dangerous” author‚ leading at times to outright banning of his book. This is because Mencius developed a very early form of what was to be called in modern times the “social contract.” Mencius‚ like Confucius‚ believed that rulers were divinely placed in order to guarantee peace and order among the people they rule. Unlike Confucius‚ Mencius believed that if a ruler failed to bring peace and
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HSUN TZU AND MENCIUS: Their Conflicting Perspectives of Society The Warring States period in China (453-221 BCE) presented a time of great confusion and chaos among the people of China. However‚ it was also a great period for the philosophy of Confucianism‚ with the teachings of Mencius and Hsun Tzu to lead the way for their lost followers. According to Hsun Tzu and Mencius‚ human beings give birth to their children with a sense of an inherent reaction to life. Without proper teaching‚ children
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chapters taken from ancient Chinese literature and translated into English by Yutang. He has also added his own commentary and a very lengthy introduction. Some of the books that Yutang used were: The Analects‚ written by one of Confucius’ disciples Mencius‚ Spring and Autumn‚ written by Confucius himself‚ and The Book of Songs‚ which includes over three hundred Chinese songs and anthems edited by Confucius. Confucius was born in the small town of Tsou‚ Lu in 551 BC. His real name was Ch’iu K’ung
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Source Document with Questions (DBQs) SELECTION FROM THE XUNZI: “HUMAN NATURE IS EVIL” Introduction Xunzi (Xun Qing‚ or Xun Kuang: c. 310-c. 219 BCE) lived at the very end of the Zhou dynasty. Like Mencius‚ he was an advocate and interpreter of the teachings of Confucius. Living a generation after Mencius‚ Xunzi lived through the final‚ brutal wars which ended with the state of Qin absorbing and unifying all the Chinese feudal states. Xunzi was a widely traveled scholar‚ teacher‚ and official. Document
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Red Cliff and Early Chinese Notions Introduction The philosophies of early Chinese thinkers differ greatly from the mindset of modern day philosophers. The four major philosophies of China‚ Confucianism‚ Mohism‚ Taoism and Legalism arose primarily during the Warring States era from 475 BC to 221 BC. Following the end of the Qin Dynasty and the fall of Qin Shi Huang‚ Confucianism became the dominant philosophical school in China. Confucianism represented the teachings of Chinese philosopher
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of human relationships‚ and so did not bother himself with the structure of the state. He stressed that a good government must fill their positions with well-educated and conscientious people‚ called Junzi. Confucius was followed by his disciples Mencius and Xunzi. They also possessed the same optimism that humans could improve themselves to perfection. Daoism has a core of self-reflection and oneness with the cosmos. They refused to meddle with problems that they thought defied solution‚ and were
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Different societies held widely varying beliefs and values‚ but their cultural and religious traditions offered guidance on moral‚ religious‚ political‚ and social issues. Jainism and Manichaeism involved becoming spiritually in tune with one-self and nature while Confucianism involved preparing individuals for an idealistic future in government. Persia and India shared similar beliefs when it came to sacrifices and values with ancient Aryans. Philosophical and religious beliefs were similar in that
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in China. The influence of the war lead to philosophical ideas being developed and discussed by philosophers all over the country‚ and eventually‚ became the hundred schools of thoughts. Many famous philosophers in this period includes Confucius‚ Mencius‚ Meng Zi‚ Han Feizi‚ and many others. The two ideas that I’m most interest is Confucian and legalist ideas.
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Man’s Nature is Evil Hsun Tzu Man’s nature is evil; goodness is a result of a conscious activity. The nature of man is such that he is born with a fondness for profit. If he indulges this fondness‚ it will lead him to wrangling and strife‚ and all sense of courtesy and humility will disappear. He is born with feelings of envy and hate‚ and if he indulges these‚ they will lead him to violence and crime‚ and all sense of loyalty and good faith will disappear. Man is born with the desires of eyes
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