A Review of PTSD
A Review of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety based disorder that can be developed after witnessing or experiencing a dangerous event associated with serious personal injury or death. PTSD is a relatively new term that was first described in 1980 in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders vol. 3 (DSM III) for what had widely been known as “shell shock”. The term shell shock was coined during World War I and was used to describe the actions and behaviors of soldiers who expressed fear, panic, an inability to walk, talk, fight, or make rational decisions during or after battle. This term developed into PTSD as time went on due to the fact that other traumatic events outside of warfare seemed to cause similar effects in the general public. It was found that not only war and battle related trauma exposure caused PTSD but other traumatic events such as sexual assault, serious or life threatening injury, natural disasters, and intimate contact with danger could also spur the onset of PTSD (American Psychiatric Association, 1980). The bridging of a disorder only seen in combat veterans to members of the general public has sparked great interest in the fields of clinical neuroscience and psychology that has led to further research of the disorder. Due to this increased interest advances have been made in the understanding, identification, diagnosis, categorization and treatment of PTSD.
The lifetime incidence of PTSD is between seven and eight percent (Keane, T. M., Marshall, A. D., & Taft, C. T., 2006). Epidemiology samples across the United States report that 82.8% of the American population has experienced trauma on a level high enough to yield PTSD (Breslau, N. 2009). Despite this large exposure to highly traumatic events less than 10% developed PTSD after the event (Breslau, N. 2009). PTSD is not localized to one demographic, gender, or age,
Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety based disorder that can be developed after witnessing or experiencing a dangerous event associated with serious personal injury or death. PTSD is a relatively new term that was first described in 1980 in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders vol. 3 (DSM III) for what had widely been known as “shell shock”. The term shell shock was coined during World War I and was used to describe the actions and behaviors of soldiers who expressed fear, panic, an inability to walk, talk, fight, or make rational decisions during or after battle. This term developed into PTSD as time went on due to the fact that other traumatic events outside of warfare seemed to cause similar effects in the general public. It was found that not only war and battle related trauma exposure caused PTSD but other traumatic events such as sexual assault, serious or life threatening injury, natural disasters, and intimate contact with danger could also spur the onset of PTSD (American Psychiatric Association, 1980). The bridging of a disorder only seen in combat veterans to members of the general public has sparked great interest in the fields of clinical neuroscience and psychology that has led to further research of the disorder. Due to this increased interest advances have been made in the understanding, identification, diagnosis, categorization and treatment of PTSD.
The lifetime incidence of PTSD is between seven and eight percent (Keane, T. M., Marshall, A. D., & Taft, C. T., 2006). Epidemiology samples across the United States report that 82.8% of the American population has experienced trauma on a level high enough to yield PTSD (Breslau, N. 2009). Despite this large exposure to highly traumatic events less than 10% developed PTSD after the event (Breslau, N. 2009). PTSD is not localized to one demographic, gender, or age,
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