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Synoptics

Submitted by barristerhayesjr on April 21, 2005

Category: Religion
Words: 4856 | Pages: 20
Views: 313
Popularity Rank: 35,743
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Conceptual Framework

The term synoptic is applied to those gospels which appear to have been created from the same traditional sources: Mark, Matthew and Luke. The interconnection of the "Synoptics" is not, however, simply one of close resemblance, it is also one of striking difference. When compared attentively, the three records appear distinct as well as similar in incidents, plan, and language. The harmony and the variety, the resemblance's and the differences in their portrayal of Jesus, must be both accounted for. They form together a literary problem that is commonly referred to as the Synoptic Problem.

Introduction

The Synoptics is the name given since Griesbach's time (about 1790) to the first three canonical Gospels. It is derived from the fact that these Gospels admit -- differently from the evangelical narrative of St. John, of being arranged and harmonized section by section, so as to allow the eye to realize at a glance (synopsis) the numerous passages which are common to them, and also the portions which are peculiar either to only two, or even to only one, of them.

By definition the " Synoptics" are those gospels that report the same general outline for the story of Jesus. There is enough sustained agreement between the sequence of sayings & deeds that Matthew, Mark & Luke ascribe to Jesus to convince most scholars that the story-line of these gospels comes from the same text. Determining which text is probably the basis of the others is the work of source criticism.

Within this common synoptic narrative framework, however, there is considerable variation in the sequence of items reported by Matthew, Mark & Luke. Some pericopes included by two are missing in the third. Others are unique to one gospel. Even pericopes shared by two or more gospels are not always reported in the same sequence.

Since self-contained sayings may be recalled in virtually...

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