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Submitted by mreimnit on November 11, 2005
Category: Technology
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Stem Cell Ethics
The study of stem cells have brought about many recent ethical questions and been a topic in many recent ethical debates. What is all the talk about? What exactly is stem cell research and why does it raise so many ethical questions?
Stem cell research is on the forefront of regenerative medicine and biological science. It is the study of certain cells in the inner mass of the embryo that are produced a few days after the embryo forms during the blastocyst stage. They are the most primitive of all human cells. They are undifferentiated cells, which mean the cells are not designated to be any special type of cell, such as a nerve, muscle, or skin cell. The cell's specialization is later influenced by the molecules, which are usually proteins that surround the cell (Marshak 220-223). The proteins are typically produced by the mother, but under certain laboratory conditions, distinctive proteins can be introduced and a definite, mature cell type is produced. The cells that are produced could be implanted into a subject to replace worn out cells, or cells that have been destroyed due to disease or injury.
There are a few problems with the process. The most common being is the same as any other transplant, the body doesn't accept the new cell stem cells if the cells aren't exactly the same as the patients; instead the body's immune system recognizes them as unwanted cells and rejects or destroys them often causing more damage to the body. The most common use of stem cells is bone marrow transplant. Some adult stem cells are usually found in bone marrow, when the marrow is transplanted the cells regenerate and help replace the failing surrounding marrow. However, this type of procedure doesn't involve just stem cells. It relies more on the marrow that is transplanted. The actual amounts of stem cells that are found in the transplanted marrow are so few, about one in every ten thousand cells, that they have little...
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