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Latin America And Slavery. Prior to its independence Latin America had
been controlled by external forces for hundreds of years. ...
Slavery In Latin America. Slavery in the Americas was quite diverse. Mining
operations in the tropics experienced different needs ...
Slavery In Latin America. Chile History Early History Before the arrival
of the Spanish in the 16th cent., the Araucanians had long ...
... Among many of the small causes stands discrimination and slavery. Now, Latin America
was made up many countries and each of them got their independence ...
... Among many of the small causes stands discrimination and slavery. Now, Latin America
was made up many countries and each of them got their independence ...
Submitted by oppapers on April 12, 2001
Category: History Other
Words: 4556 | Pages: 19
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Chile
History
Early History
Before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th cent., the Araucanians had long been in control of the land in the southern part of the region; in the north, the inhabitants were ruled by the Inca empire. Diego de Almagro, who was sent by Francisco Pizarro from Peru to explore the southern region, led a party of men through the Andes into the central lowlands of Chile but was unsuccessful (1536) in establishing a foothold there. In 1540, Pedro de Valdivia marched into Chile and, despite stout resistance from the Araucanians, founded Santiago (1541) and later established La Serena, Concepción, and Valdivia. After an initial period of incessant warfare with the natives, the Spanish succeeded in subjugating the indigenous population.
Although Chile was unattractive to the Spanish because of its isolation from Peru to the north and its lack of precious metals (copper was discovered much later), the Spanish developed a pastoral society there based on large ranches and haciendas worked by indigenous people; the yields were shipped to Peru. During the long colonial era, the mestizos became a tenant farmer class, called inquilinos; although technically free, most were in practice bound to the soil.
During most of the colonial period Chile was a captaincy general dependent upon the viceroyalty of Peru, but in 1778 it became a separate division virtually independent of Peru. Territorial limits were ill-defined and were the cause, after independence, of long-drawn-out boundary disputes with Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina. The movement toward independence began in 1810 under the leadership of Juan Martínez de Rozas and Bernardo O\'Higgins. The first phase (1810-14) ended in defeat at Rancagua, largely because of the rivalry of O\'Higgins with José Miguel Carrera and his brothers. In 1817, José de San Martín, with incredible hardship, brought an army over the Andes from...
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