The Skeletal System
Chapter 7
I.Bone Structure
A. Bone Classification
1. 4 Classes Long, Short, flat and irregular
2. Example of a long bone- forearm and thigh bones.
3. Short Bones are shaped like cubes
4. Ex. Of short bones are in wrists and ankle bones
5. Flat bones are platelike structures
6. Ex of Flat bones are platelike structures
7. Irregular bones vary in size
8. Irregular bones vary in size
9. Examples of irregular bones are those of the vertebra and some facial bones
10. Round bones are also called sesamoid bones
i. They are small and modular and embedded in tendons
ii. Example is the patella (kneecap)
B. Parts of a long bone
1. An expanded end of a long bone is an epiphysis
2. An epiphysis articulates with another bone
3. Articular Cartilage is located on the epiphysis
4. The shaft of a long bone is called a diaphysis
5. Periosteum functions t form and repair bone tissue
6. Periosteum is a tough, vascular, fibrous membrane covering the diaphysis of a bone
7. Processes provide sites for attachment of tendons or ligaments
8. The wall of the diaphysis is composed of compact bone
9. Compact bone has no gaps
10. Ephiphysis is composed of spongy bone
11. Spongy bone consists of bony plates called trabeculae
12. A bone is composed of spongy and compact bone
13. A canal called the medullary cavity runs through the diaphysis
14. The endosteum lines this cavity and spaces of the spongy bone
15. Endosteum contains bone forming cells
16. The tissue that fills the spaces of the bone is called marrow
17. The two forms of marrow are red and yellow marrow
C. Microscopic Structure
1. Intro
a. Bone cells are called osteocytes
b. Lacunae are tiny chambers that contain osteocytes
c. Lacunae form concentric that contain...
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