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Short Essay

What is the difference between the ideas of “civic” and “ethnic” nationalism? Briefly describe one current context in world politics through the frameworks of both civic and ethic nationalism. In your view which concept is more valuable for explaining nationalism.
The study of nationalism is complex with many factors to be considered before it can be used as a tool of analysis in the contemporary world. Anthony Smith has compressed this multifaceted idea as a goal oriented movement of a collective seeking national autonomy, unity and identity. (Smith, 2001 p.9). However even Smith acknowledges this as only a starting point and further concepts are needed to help define nationalism. A major debate within the study of nationalism is the difference between ‘civic’ and ethnic’ nationalism and which of these ideologies is best suited for describing nationalism. This essay seeks to identify the varying attributes of both schools while observing the nation of Israel in it’s contemporary context. It is argued that while there is a strong case for explaining nationalism of this particular group through a modern civic framework, there is more evidence that supports the nationhood of Israel through an ethnic framework.
Civic nationalism has been defined as ‘a commitment to a state and it’s values’. (Breuilly, 1994 p. 4). The membership of an individual within a state structure determines one’s nationality. It is in this political community that the members are committed to governing themselves, committing to defend their nation in war to maintain autonomy and also contribute to the economy of that state. (Bayliss & Smith, 2001 p. 10). These modern attributes of a nation-state give the collective a public acknowledgement and legitimacy to be an autonomous state by formal agencies of all modern states, such as the United Nations. To be included in a nation, the individual has to be a citizen of this community. This citizenship does not require a particular religion or...