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September 11 in International Relations Theory. September 11 in International
Relations Theory An event as epochal as September 11 ...
... the perpetrators of the September 11 2001 attacks ... a persuasive and alternative view
of international relations. Liberal IR theory elaborates the insight that ...
... The September 11 attacks and the subsequent political ... to the base year 1995" (Maswana
11). ... from the continent (barring international peacekeeping missions) is ...
... George W. Bush, after the September 11 attacks in ... development and encouraging free
international trade, and ... the history of American foreign relations, that of ...
... al Qaeda committed the September 11 attacks; (j ... Terrorism: Beyond Orthodox Terrorism
Theory - a new ... agenda?, School of International Relations, University of ...
Submitted by zajo01 on July 12, 2005
Category: Miscellaneous
Words: 1888 | Pages: 8
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September 11 in International Relations Theory
An event as epochal as September 11 is bound to provoke theorists of international relations. Over the past year or so, there has been a race in academia to claim the first prize for the best theory to explain the events before and after September 11. The consensus is that the dominant discourse of realism has won, because it conceives of conflict and destruction as natural in an anarchical world (from Thomas Hobbes' "anarchical state of nature"). It also justifies America's threatening military actions after the terror strikes as a natural form of behavior of strong states, which always bully the weak into compliance to serve the former's selfish interests.
The more interesting contest is among the alternative theories to realism. It is a race for second prize, and the main competitors are feminism, globalism/neo-Marxism and pluralism.
Feminism
The fundamental premise of feminism is that international politics is a "man's world" and a "gendered activity". Gender is a social construction based on ideas of "autonomy", "objectivity", "sovereignty" and "virtu" (Niccolo Machiavelli), of which only men and masculine states are allegedly capable. Writing after September 11, feminist novelist Arundhati Roy encapsulated this critique, saying, "Women of the world stand between two extremes, both represented by androcentrism, Rambo culture and patriarchy - Osama bin Laden and George Bush." Bin Laden reportedly has 42 wives and is a defender and instigator of Taliban-style hardline Islamic "structural violence" against women. Bush heads the most conservative American administration since Ronald Reagan, pursuing vested interests of the military-industrial complex and giant oil multinationals that extort women in the Third World (a line favored by Marxist feminism).
Realist dogmas and metaphors of "war of every man against every man" and "stag hunt"...
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