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Submitted by twclark on April 8, 2007
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The Role of the Electoral College
Many fears have been raised on the effectiveness of the Electoral College. Since its inception in 1788, over 700 proposals to reform and/or abolish the Electoral College have been introduced on the floors of Congress. Even so this system has endured as the only mechanism in producing a presidential victor for the last two hundred years.
The Electoral College is the system, implemented by the fore fathers so that the president is chosen, rather than electing a president by a tabulation of vote's nation wide. The Electoral College uses a system of points (electoral votes) that are counted state by state. Political parties choose electors in each state to represent their presidential candidate. Voters are in essence not voting directly for the president, but voting for the electors of their state, who will in turn vote for the presidential candidate they represent.
The number of electors each state has is in direct relation to the number of Senators and House Representatives that it holds in Congress. Each state has two electoral votes for the number of senators and one vote for each member it holds in the House of Representatives. More populous states have a greater number of votes compared to smaller states, including the District of Columbia, which may have a minimum of three votes. For example, California and Texas have 55 and 34 electoral votes respectively, where as the Dakotas, Delaware, Montana, and several other lower population states have three votes apiece.
To win the presidency, a candidate must win an absolute majority, or half the votes plus one, which calculates to 270 electoral votes out of a total of 538 votes. With the exception of two states, the candidate with the majority of votes in the state wins all of the electoral votes of that state in a winner-take-all format. Nebraska and Maine employ the congressional district method, which may split the electoral...
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