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Submitted by amazindb8882 on April 15, 2007
Category: Philosophy
Words: 1266 | Pages: 6
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The Republic is a compilation of conversations between the great philosopher Socrates and various other characters about various topics, the major one being justice. This book opens with a dialogue between Socrates and the old man Cephalus at his home. Cephalus is a man reaching the end of his days who has been fortunate enough to have been blessed with wealth, which has enabled him to lead a life full of goodness and happiness. Their conversation begins with the merits and rewards of getting old and enjoying the fruits of a life lived being just and good, and having wealth. Socrates has enjoyed his life by not accepting money for his teachings and actions. Socrates begins to think that it may not be the actual monetary wealth that will lead him to a road of happiness but wealth of the human soul. The conversation soon turns to the topic of what justice is, as to which Cephalus quickly arrives with the answer that being just is to live up to your legal obligations and being honest. Socrates, not being a believer in this theory, rebuttals with the example of returning a weapon to a dangerous madman. The weapon is his by legal constraints, but that it would not be just and moral to return him a weapon that he might use to do harm to others.
In the beginning of book two Socrates thinks that he is through with the subject of justice, however it seems apparent from the dialogue that the other are not so far satisfied with his explanations. So in this section of the dialogue Claucon, who is one of Socrates companions, begins to discuss his belief of the three classes of all good. This discussion then leads in to a more detailed story; the story of "The Ring of Gyges", this story is about a legend of a magical ring that has the power to make people invisible while they possess it. This story is to show that all men have it in them to be unjust if they do not have to suffer the consequences of their actions. I also believe that this is the basis of human nature....
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