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Process of Digestion. THE ... absorption. The three major steps involved in the
digestive process are ingestion, digestion, and absorption. ...
A PROCESS OF DIGESTION. The ... The three major steps involved in the digestive
process are ingestion, digestion, and absorption. Ingestion ...
process of digestion. Introduction Since digestive enzymes actually function
outside of the body cells in the digestive tract, their ...
... So that the food we consume is broken down into smaller pieces before we swallow
it which in turn makes process of chemical digestion – that takes place ...
... The process is initiated during and immediately after the process of digestion breaks
down carbohydrates into sugar molecules (including glucose) and proteins ...
Submitted by jessrobin on November 25, 2007
Category: Science
Words: 1251 | Pages: 6
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Introduction
Since digestive enzymes actually function outside of the body cells in the digestive tract, their hydrolytic activity can be studied in a test tube. We studied starch digestion by salivary amylase, trypsin digestion of protein and pancreatic lipase digestion of fats. The goal of these tests was to understand the optimal environmental conditions needed for digestive enzymes to function. Additionally, it was the goal of the above experiments to learn the role of temperature and pH in the regulation of enzyme activity.
Starch Digestion by Salivary Amylase--Relevant Observations:
Salivary amylase and pancreatic amylase break down starch.
Boiling the mixtures denatures the enzymes and therefore starch is not reduced to sugar.
The pH of 7 is optimal for reducing starch to sugar.
If the pH is too high or too low starch and sugars will remain present.
Protein Digestion by Trypsin--Relevant Observations:
Trypsin breaks down protein.
When the substrate, BAPNA, was added to the test tubes containing Trypsin, we learned that hydrolysis had occurred.
Emulsification of Bile and Fat Digestion by Lipase--Relevant Observations:
Bile emulsifies fats. Emulsified fats provide a larger surface area for enzymatic activity.
When bile salt is added to the test tube with vegetable oil, the bile salt acts as a detergent and emulsifies the fat so that the surface area was greater, allowing the greater enzymatic activity.
In the case of the Pancreatic Lipase, we learned that fats are digested by fatty acids during hydrolysis, they will lower the pH of the sample they are in. Litmus cream turns from blue to pink if the solution is acidic.
Hypotheses: Hydrolytic enzymes hydrolyze only a small group of substrate molecules, and specific environmental conditions are necessary for it to function optimally.
Materials and Methods:
Hot plates
...
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