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The Principles Of Ottoman Rule On The Balkans. The principles of Ottoman
rule in the Balkans Introduction To make sense of the rapid ...
... During their rule, the Safavids imposed Shiism as the ... what he thought were its original
principles as taught ... and led several revolts against the Ottoman empire ...
... citizens needed to remain neutral in principles and actions ... The Turkish portions
of the present Ottoman Empire should ... which are now under Turkish rule should be ...
Submitted by safaryants on April 16, 2008
Category: History Other
Words: 4172 | Pages: 17
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The principles of Ottoman rule in the Balkans
Introduction
To make sense of the rapid changes in the last two hundred years of Balkan history, we need some sense of what went before, by looking at the Habsburg and Ottoman "old regimes" in the Early Modern period. The Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Empire are often (and usefully) presented together as natural rivals: one Catholic, the other Muslim; one western and European, the other eastern and Asian. You should already have some sense of the limits and pitfalls in such paired dichotomies. Also, such an approach misses the fact that these two countries had a great deal in common. Both were products of the late medieval period, and neither was well positioned to adjust to the driving forces of "modern" history: forces like nationalism, and the industrial revolution. They operated on the basis of pre-modern assumptions and institutions. We can begin to understand both countries, and their histories, by identifying a few key principles which shaped them. Those principles dictated the form of Ottoman and Habsburg history, and when those principles reached their limits, these states fell apart.
Ottoman principles
If we make a list of the principles behind a modern Western European state, we might include nationalism, and a notion that the state and the ethnic nation are ideally identical; the rule of law, and the accompanying idea of a constitution; and the fundamental place of the citizens as the embodiment of the country. In the Ottoman Empire, wholly different principles were at work. In its prime the Ottoman Empire was defined by its ruler, by its faith, and by its military, all acting together. If we understand these forces, we can see reasons for its great successes, and later for its great failures.
The military principle
All countries have a military: why then focus on this as a defining force? Because without doing so, one can't explain the rapid Turkish...
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