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Prevalence Of Type 2 Diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is the commonest type of diabetes accounting for 95% of cases and occurs mostly in middle age (1,2). It is the 4th or 5th leading cause of death in most developed countries (3). It is ( 4,5,6). Diabetes is becoming an increasing problem not only in the Western world but also in the developing world. It costs the UK’s National Health Service 13.7million a day to manage diabetes and its complications and it is predicted that the NHS funding for the disease will rise by 10% from its current 5% in 2011( 2, 7) . The complications of diabetes produce major health problems with 80% of diabetes- related mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (2). This essay will look at the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the causes of the disease, why there is an increasing trend in type 2 diabetes case study India, the complications and the management of type 2 diabetes and a conclusion respectively.

Prevalence
There are presently 2million people in the UK diagnosed with diabetes of which 1.5million cases are type 2 diabetes and is estimated that over a million people have diabetes who have not been diagnosed yet (2,7). WHO predicts that the prevalence of diabetes will more than double from 150million in 2000 to 300million in 2025 and the increase will affect both industrialised countries and developing countries (1,8). But the impact of the increase is predicted to affect the developing countries more. For instance, India is expected to have a rise from 19million to 38million and China from 16million to 38million (1). Reports show the highest prevalence of 30-50% of adults among North American Indians and Pacific Islanders who have experienced a big change of diet from traditional healthy vegetable diets to fatty, high in carbohydrate western diet during the 20th century. (1). Graph1 shows the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in countries around the world from the World Health Organisation (WHO). Graph 1 that the highest prevalence is in India and this...