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Submitted by peopleperson1 on November 7, 2006
Category: History Other
Words: 3192 | Pages: 13
Views: 312
Popularity Rank: 28,334
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Latin America harbors a unique place in political science. While political trends like elitism and populism arise elsewhere in the world, their persistence, frequent reoccurrence, strength, and development makes their Latin American forms of particular analytical interest. Latin American society is deeply traditional and politically elitist, but not immune to the influence of democratic ideals. After elites, transitioning out of monarchial rule and into modern politics, failed to actuate ideological goals of legitimate representative government, a reactionary movement aimed at the same principles arose. This paper will discuss the characteristics and historical development of elitism and populism in Latin America to show that populism was born out of Latin American elitist politics problematic transition into modernity. Furthermore, it will examine the general understanding of populism as a concept and its value in political and historical analysis.
Elitism is rule by the elite. In Latin America, it typically manifests as traditionalism. The conventions of social hierarchy are so strong that they translate into similar strati on the political stage. As Francios-Xavier Geurra comments, historically, Latin American “society was structured and perceived itself as a set of groups.” Everything from race to economic divided individuals and designated them a position in structured society. Politically, this composition resulted in isolated pockets of authority- powerful families, clans, or localities- the elites. Exclusion defines the concept of ‘the people’ under an elitist scope. Curiously, elitism in Latin American often aimed at modernizing politics by implementing national sovereignty. The effort was contradictory and hypocritical. Even while forwarding modern political principles, elites simultaneously wanted to maintain the uniqueness of their political and social status and the privileges it afforded them. The cleavage of cultural,...
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