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Planning In Business

Management is the act of directing and controlling a large group of people for the purpose of coordinating and harmonizing the group towards accomplishing a goal beyond the scope of individual effort. Management encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources. Management can also refer to the person or people who performs the act of management.

The verb Manage comes from the Italian maneggiare (to handle — especially a horse), which in turn derives from the Latin manus (hand). The French word mesnagement (later ménagement) influenced the development in meaning of the English word management in the 17th and 18th centuries.[1]

Management has to do with power by position, whereas leadership involves power by influence[citation needed]. Compare stewardship.

Contents [hide]
1 Functions of management
2 Theoretical scope
3 Historical development
3.1 19th century
3.2 20th century
3.3 21st century
4 Nature of managerial work
5 The importance of control
6 Managerial levels/hierarchy
7 References
8 See also
8.1 Lists
9 Citations


[edit] Functions of management
Management operates through various functions, often classified as planning, organizing, leading/motivating and controlling.

Planning: deciding what has to happen in the future (today, next week, next month, next year, over the next five years, etc.) and generating plans for action.
Organizing: making optimum use of the resources required to enable the successful carrying out of plans.
Leading/Motivating: exhibiting skills in these areas for getting others to play an effective part in achieving plans.
Controlling: monitoring — checking progress against plans, which may need modification based on feedback.

[edit] Theoretical scope
Mary Parker Follett (1868–1933), who wrote on the topic in the early twentieth century, defined management as "the art of getting things done through...