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Outline- Chemical Regulation (Biology Honors)

I. The Edvidence of Fossils

A.     (28-1) The Formation of Fossils  
 
1. Fossil: The actual remains or any trace of an organism that lived at
some time in the past.
2. Petrifaction: The process by which the body of a dead organism is
slowly replaced by dissolved minerals.
3. Mold: A rock as a hollow form; Cast: A copy of the external form of
the original organism.
4. Imprint: A type of fossil formed when an impression made in mud by
a living thing is preserved when the mud is transformed into rock.

B.     (28-2) Sedimentary rocks:

1. Sedimentary Rock: A type of rock formed from layers of particles
that is settled to the bottom of a body of water, often containing
fossils.
2. Water flowing into these bodys of water carry fine particles of rock
called sediments.
3. The size and mineral composition of sediments being deposited by
the rivers will usually change from time to time. Therefore, the
sedimentary rock acquires a layered structure.
4. Geologists have concluded that the crust of the earth is constantly
changing and shifting.

            C.   (28-3) Hormones

1. Relative Dating: Any method of determining the order in which
events occured.
2. Correlation: The process of matching by which geologists determine
the relative ages of rock layers
3. A study of fossils from many regions have shown that certain types
of organisms seem to appeared, flourished for a time over wide
regions of the earth, and then disappeared.
4.   Transitional forms: Missing links

D.     (28-4) Absolute Dating
1. Relative dating allows us to say that one type of organism lived
earlier than another, but it does not tell us how much earlier.
2. Absolute dating: Any method that does enable us to find out how
long ago an event occured.
3. Thecrate at which a radioactive element decays is fixed and
unchangeable.
      4. Radioactive dating methods cannot be applied to sedimentary      
      rocks.

E.     (28-5) The Geologic Time Scale

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