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Submitted by mpooleoh on September 23, 2006
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Course: NTC 360
Use short answers to explain the difference between:
Rotary and Dual Tone Multi-frequency (DTMF)
Wide Area Telecommunications Service (WATS) and leased lines
Private Branch eXchange (PBX) and Centrex
The layers of the International Standards Organization-Open Systems Interconnection (ISO-OSI) model
1. Explain the difference between Rotary and Dual Tone Multi-frequency.
The major difference between Rotary and Dual Tone Multi-frequency(DTMF) is the method by which they are executed to the phone system. Rotary uses interrupted pulses to communicate the characters or digits on the rotary dial. Rotary systems were different depending on the country in which it was used having certain amounts of pulses to represent certain digits on the rotary dial. For example, in the United States, dialing a number five on a rotary dial set would open and close electrical contacts on the phone five times thus sending five pulses. Dual Tone Multi-frequency(DTMF) also know as touch tone dialing is used by sending a combination of two tones over the phone system. An example of how these two tones are sent can be illustrated by these two tables taken from http://www.answers.com/topic/dual-tone-multi-frequency:
DTMF keypad frequencies (with sound clips)
1209 Hz 1336 Hz 1477 Hz 1633 Hz
697 Hz 1
2
3
A
770 Hz 4
5
6
B
852 Hz 7
8
9
C
941 Hz *
0
#
D
An example of a combination of tones could be illustrated by selecting the number five on the keypad. In this example, when someone would dial the number five, two tones at 770 Hz and 1336 Hz would be sent.
DTMF Event Frequencies
Event Low frequency High frequency
Busy signal
480 Hz 620 Hz
Dial tone...
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