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Memory

Submitted by raeelinda on November 26, 2005

Category: Psychology
Words: 2293 | Pages: 10
Views: 263
Popularity Rank: 54,053
Average Member Grade: N/A (Add a Comment / Grade this Paper)

Introduction
Memory is in itself a gigantic field, depending on whether one wishes to test the subject's ability to recall learned information, past events in ones personal life, or random chains of numbers. Furthermore, not only the information, but also the manner in which it is presented, is certainly relevant to any discussion of this construct. While I do not hope in this study to test the construct of memory per se, I do hope to arrive at some meaningful conclusions as to whether or not individuals tend to be better at recalling abstract or concrete terms via the short-term memory. I well also like to investigate whether gender affects one's ability to recall these terms. Finally, I intend to empirically test whether or not an oral or visual means of presenting these terms affects the subjects' recall ability.
Within cognitive psychology, the concept of working memory represents a modification and extension of an earlier concept, short-term memory, a limited-capacity temporary memory store, characterized by the model proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin. The concept of working memory differs from that of short-term memory in two respects: it is assumed to involve a number of subsystems, rather than a unitary module; and there is considerable emphasis on its functional role in other cognitive tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension. (Atkinson, R C.; Shiffrin, R M.).
The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: is a 1956 paper by the cognitive psychologist George A. Miller. In it Miller showed a number of remarkable coincidences between the channel capacity of a number of human cognitive and perceptual tasks. In each case, the effective channel capacity is equivalent to between 5 and 9 equally-weighted error-less choices: on average, about 2.5 bits of information. Miller hypothesized that these may all be due to some common but unknown underlying mechanism.
In his paper The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two:...

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