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Life

Submitted by demonica6669 on June 6, 2006

Category: Miscellaneous
Words: 2455 | Pages: 10
Views: 314
Popularity Rank: 43,306
Average Member Grade: N/A (Add a Comment / Grade this Paper)

THE RESEARCH PAPER
There is a standard format for all research reports, whether they be of the natural or social sciences. The ultimate goal is to test hypotheses, the predictions derived from one's theory and built upon the findings of others.

The structure of the research paper reflects the profound relationship between theory and fact. Facts do not speak for themselves. As Marvin Harris (Cultural Materialism 1979:7) observed, "facts are always unreliable without theories that guide their collection and that distinguish between superficial and significant appearances." On the other hand, theories without facts are meaningless. The premise of science (and what distinguishes it from dogma and armchair philosophizing) is the authority of experiment and observation over reason, ideology, and intuition.

Also reflected in a research paper is the cumulative nature of scientific knowledge. In the "Review of Literature" section one reports on the findings of others relevant to one's own inquiry. Your enterprise may be simply attempting to replicate others' findings using a different population at a different point in time. Or you may be addressing contradictory predictions derived from two different theories, or noting inconsistencies in findings of different researchers. In the "Discussion" section you will be communicating to future investigators: what did you find and where does one now go?

Finally, it's worth stressing that the evaluation of your paper will never be determined by whether or not your hypotheses are verified. It is important to remember that a hypothesis supported by the data does not mean that it is true as there conceivably is an infinite number of other theories that lead to the same prediction. Similarly, failure of support does not necessarily mean that your hypothesis is wrong: it may be hold true in some populations, you may have incorrectly measured your theory's concepts, your sampling may...

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