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La Caida Del Peronismo

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La Caida Del Peronismo
La caída del peronismo

Hasta la década de 1950, el gobierno justicialista de Perón desarrolló su política con éxito pero, a partir de estas fechas, las dificultades y la pérdida de apoyos debilitaron al movimiento peronista, que exhibió desde entonces una tendencia más acentuada hacia el autoritarismo. Perón experimentó problemas no solamente con la Iglesia, sino también con la economía y los argentinos. Todos estos factores llevaron a su derrocamiento.

Poco después de que Perón subiera al poder, anunció un plan de 5 años para industrializar Argentina. Como punto de partida, Perón decidió nacionalizar tanto el Banco Central como el sistema de ferrocarriles y muchas más grandes industrias.
Al principio, esta nacionalización fue positiva, y Argentina experimentó un beneficio directo del plan. El producto interior bruto creció más del 25% durante el gran ‘boom’, y hubo un gran aumento del 70% en inversiones en proyectos nacionales debido al crecimiento industrial en el sector privado. Sin embargo, toda esta necesaria actividad expuso una debilidad intrínseca en el plan: ayudó a un crecimiento que, a corto plazo, llevó a una oleada de importaciones de bienes capitales que la industria local no era capaz de proveer.

Además, Perón creó el IAPI: Instituto Argentino de Promoción del Intercambio. Con este organismo, el Estado pasó a controlar el manejo del comercio exterior. El IAPI era quien fijaba los precios de las exportaciones agrícolas, regulaba las importaciones y resguardaba la producción nacional. Con este organismo como agente de comercialización, el Estado obtuvo un importante caudal de recursos, que derivó en parte hacia la actividad industrial, y en parte hacia la inversión local. Esta transferencia de ingresos del sector agrario al industrial provocó una importante oposición de los sectores terratenientes y de las empresas privadas vinculadas al comercio exterior, y esto hizo crecer el descontento hacia la política social de Perón. Los sectores oligárquicos

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