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Submitted by XIMIAN on November 12, 2005
Category: Philosophy
Words: 2043 | Pages: 9
Views: 335
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Muslim Philosophy
By
Peter Pan
Philosophy 2010
November 11, 2005
Muslim Philosophy
Islam is based on the Koran a revelation from God to the prophet Muhammad supplemented by the Sunnah which is a set of traditions about Muhammad's words and deeds. Muslims recognize Judaism and Christianity as revelations from God. However they believe that the revelation made to Muhammad is God's final word. Muslims believe that Jesus was a prophet but not God in the flesh.
Islam spread from Arabia mostly due to holy wars. Non-Muslims defeated in battle were offered the choice of conversion or death, much like the Spanish Inquisition. The exception was for Jews and Christians, who were allowed to continue their religious observances so long as they recognized Muslim political authority and paid a tax. The works on politics written by the Islamic philosophers were based especially on Plato, with influence also from Aristotle. This view was passed on to the Islamic philosophers.
Islamic philosophy is a longstanding attempt to create harmony between faith, reason or philosophy, and the religious teachings of Islam. The problem lays in the difficulty in fusing religion and philosophy since there are no clear preconditions. Most religions have a set of rules or principles that they consider to be truths.
The main sources of Islamic philosophy are the religion of Islam itself and the Greek philosophy.
Its principal dogmas are:
1. God is an absolute unity and no attribute can be ascribed to Him.
2. Man is a free agent.
3. All knowledge necessary for the salvation of man emanates from his reason; humans could acquire knowledge before, as well as after, Revelation, by the sole light of reason. This fact makes knowledge obligatory upon all men, at all times, and in all places.
From the ninth century onward, Greek philosophy was introduced to the Persians...
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