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Introduction To Cable Modems

Submitted by Makfull on May 20, 2007

Category: Technology
Words: 10799 | Pages: 44
Views: 200
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Introduction to Cable Modems

The idea behind cable modems is to allow data communications over existing cable TV systems, without requiring a wholesale replacement of the cable TV infrastructure. In reality, some modification of the infrastructure is required - such as for junction boxes - but normally operators can avoid any mass re-laying of cables.
Cable modems in fact can trace their history to the early days of Ethernet, when broadband Ethernets were being developed. These never became popular in the marketplace but the ideas have now been revamped. The original simple ideas about cable modems derived from Ethernet were not much good in reality because the electromagnetic environment within an existing cable TV system is very noisy and there is limited bandwidth available for upstream communications (set-top to head-end). But some expert developers have now got involved, many from backgrounds of experience in radio, cellular or military communications where noise is a fact of life.
The first operational generation of cable modems were of limited throughput - around the 1 megabit/s level - and there was much discussion of how useful they actually were in real cable networks. Since then the speed and the reliability has improved greatly - the current generation of operational modems, such as from Motorola, work at Ethernet speeds - 10 megabit/s. This sounds really fast, but that is ignoring some of the design features of Ethernet.
Ethernet does not give an actual 100% data throughput - the total throughput is only about 30% of 10 megabit/s, that is, 3 megabit/s. This throughput has to be shared between all the users of cable modems on a given cable TV segment, and there might be 100 of these with, say, 10 using it at a time, so one can expect a usable bandwidth downstream (where one needs high bandwidth) of around 300 kilobit/s. That is still pretty fast compared with ISDN, and likely to be a lot cheaper too - when the...

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