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Intro To Psychology

Psy 101- Chapter 1 Notes
Psychology- comes from the root words psyche (mind) and logos (study).
-scientific study of behaviour and mental processes.
History of Psychology:
Rene Descartes- nativist view (some ideas are innate =nature)
John Locke- empiricist view (knowledge is acquired through experiences and interactions with the world= nurture)
Wilhelm Wundt- father of psychology.
- His research was concerned with the senses and studied vision, emotion and memory
- Established the first psychological laboratory at the University of Leipzig Germany.
Granville Stanley Hall- first American to finish doctoral studies in psychology.
-established the first psychology laboratory in the US at Johns Hopkins University
-founded the first American journal of psychology
James McKeen Cartell- first psychology professor in the US.
- Designed the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire
Sir Francis Galton- studied individual differences leading to the development of intelligence tests.
Titchener- introduced structuralism that specified mental structures and analyzed the basic elements of mental life
-introduced introspection, the examination of one’s own emotional states and mental processes.
William James- advocated functionalism, which was concerned with the functions of the mind and behaviour to adapt to the environment.
John B. Watson- founded behaviourism, which states that only observable behaviour should be studied.
- Ivan Pavlov- Russian psychologist responsible for classical conditioning
- B.F. Skinner- responsible for operant conditioning.
- S-R Psychology- Stimulus-Response Psychology, begins with a stimulus and ends with a response.
Max Wertheimer- pioneered Gestalt Psychology, which is concerned with the organization of mental processes.
- Gestalt- form or configuration.
- “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”
Sigmund Freud- introduced psychoanalysis.
- Human behavior is deeply influenced by unconscious thoughts, impulses, and...