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International Migrations

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONS : The migrations of population which takes place within the boundaries of the country knows as internal migration The importance of these various types of internal movement depends to a large extent upon the stage reached in the social and economic evolution of the, country concerned. Very few countries have satisfactory data on movements of population within their boundaries, anyhow; following are the different types of internal migrations.

(a) Seasonal Migrations: More time consuming and less frequent forces of migration. Many of us take our vacations and holidays during the same period each year. Then we undertake a trip that may cover thousands of miles and extend over several weeks. Laborers move to areas where crops are to be harvested or town dwellers move into the country. Pastoral nomadism is the migration of human groups and their flocks or herds following the distribution of pastures. It is found mainly in deserts, and semi-deserts and extensive grass lands. though over a wide range of latitudes. Other industries like fishing, fish-canning, fruit-canning, alluvial diamond mining, tourism and entertainment also have a seasonal character and involve migration of labor. Pilgrimages are also important seasonal migration streams those to Medina, Mecca, and Benares involve many hundreds of thousands each year.

(b) Rural-Urban Migrations : Migrations from rural to urban centers are generally the most important form of internal migration, especially in countries experiencing industrialization and rapid technological change, where they have played a major role in economic development and the rise of per capita incomes. All the million cities of the world are effected by this type of migration. In areas of departure, population pressure, modernization of agriculture as well as the traditional systems of land tenure have been key “push” factors. The rapid increase of employment opportunities in urban areas is the major ‘pull’...