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International Business Management

Submitted by horegay888 on May 30, 2008

Category: Business
Words: 828 | Pages: 4
Views: 129
Popularity Rank: 83,711
Average Member Grade: N/A (Add a Comment / Grade this Paper)

The fundamental aim of a global multinational is to create and sustain competitive advantage if they want to survive and prosper.

The global context in which firms develop and implement business strategies has changed significantly. The knowledge-based economy has made multinational companies increase the transfer of innovation processes to their foreign subsidiaries in order to adapt their products and services to local needs and to make use of the knowledge locally available. The initiatives to optimise the innovation capabilities and obtain competitive advantages have led to a research and development effort at the subsidiary level. Indeed, the benefits of decentralized R&D have been mentioned in Pearce (1997), Birkinshaw (2000), Holm and Pederson (2000), Jones and Davis (2000) and Birkinshaw and Hood (1997, 1998a, 1998b).

Culture is an integrated phenomenon and by recognising and accommodating taboos, rituals, attitudes toward time, social stratification, kinship systems and many other components, a modern manager will pave the way toward greater harmony and achievement in the country in which a multinational business operates (Sherman, Bohlander & Snell (1995).

In addition to some of the multidimensional concepts of culture, two issues have gained prominence from a multinational perspective; corporate culture and the national culture. National culture can be defined as the consolidated programming of the human mind (Hofstede, 1980). At the firm level American management practices which believed that 'one size fits all', tended to be applied globally by US corporations. This outlook is now being replaced with the knowledge that managerial attitudes, values, behaviours and efficacy differ across national cultures (Newman & Nollen, 1996) and as a result, differences in national cultures have call for different management practices.

Being in the preference zone of your own type of culture can be seen as...

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