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Intelligence

Intelligence is the level of competence, ability to learn or to some people
it is how well an individual performs on an IQ test. The structure of
intelligence is best subdivided into two significant categories. They are
environmental and hereditary influences.
Environmental differences can be divided into different factors. The
deprivation model of social class and intelligence consists of three
variables. These variables explain, in terms of environmental factors,
development and performance which are correlated with social status.
The first of these variables consists of the combination of birth order,
nutrition, and prenatal care. Children who are first born, on average
score better on mental tests. There is a definite higher number of first
born children among higher socioeconomic groups as opposed to lower
socioeconomic groups. According to Bruce Eckland, children of higher
economic class tend to be brighter, on average, than children of lower
economic groups (65). Both prenatal stress and malnutrition, impair
development and are found much more frequently among lower
socioeconomic classes. According to Philip E. Vernon, the fetus can
have lack blood supply and growth of the fetus can be disturbed if the
mother takes certain drugs or suffers from certain diseases. Severe stress
on the mother can also be hazardous to the fetus (84). These conditions
expressed are both genetic and or resulting from environmental conditions
and are known to as constitutional factors. The second variable of the
deprivation model which helps exhibit differences in performance is the
cultural variable. It seems that lower socioeconomic classes experience a
unique pattern of behavioral and psychological traits which impair
development in children raised in these conditions. The last environmental
variable that accounts for differences in the cognitive development is the
social cultural variable. This variable includes deprivation which...