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India
This article is about the Republic of India. For other uses, see India (disambiguation).
Republic of India
Bharat Ganrajya
Horizontal tricolour flag bearing, from top to bottom, deep saffron, white, and green horizontal bands. In the centre of the white band is a navy-blue wheel with 24 spokes. Three lions facing left, right, and toward viewer, atop a frieze containing a galloping horse, a 24-spoke wheel, and an elephant. Underneath is a motto: "सत्यमेव जयते".
Flag Emblem
Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit)
"Truth Alone Triumphs"[1]
Anthem: Jana Gana Mana
"Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People"[2] [3]
National song:
Vande Mataram
"I Bow to Thee, Mother"[a][1][3]
Image of a globe centred on India, with India highlighted.
Area controlled by India shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green.
Capital New Delhi
28°36.8′N 77°12.5′E
Largest city Mumbai
Official languages
Hindi English
Hindi in the Devanagari script is the official language of the Union. English is an additional co-official language for Government work.[1][4]
Recognised regional languages
8th Schedule
Assamese
Bengali
Bodo
Dogri
Gujarati
Hindi
Kannada
Kashmiri
Konkani
Maithili
Malayalam
Manipuri
Marathi
Nepali
Oriya
Punjabi
Sanskrit
Santali
Sindhi
Tamil
Telugu
Urdu[5]
National language None
Demonym Indian
Government Federal parliamentary constitutional republic[1] - President Pranab Mukherjee - Vice President Mohammad Hamid Ansari - Prime Minister Manmohan Singh (INC) - Speaker of the House Meira Kumar (INC) - Chief Justice P. Sathasivam[6]
Legislature Parliament of India - Upper house Rajya Sabha - Lower house Lok Sabha
Independence from the United Kingdom - Dominion 15 August 1947 - Republic 26 January 1950
Area
- Total 3,287,590[7] km2[b] (7th)
1,269,346 sq mi - Water (%) 9.6
Population
- 2011 census 1,210,193,422[8] (2nd) - Density 376.5/km2 (31st)
975.2/sq mi
GDP
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