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Submitted by lorelaigil on July 15, 2008
Category: Science
Words: 1371 | Pages: 6
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Abstract
Population genetics is the study of how localized groups of individuals capable of interbreeding and creating fertile progeny change genetically over time. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium accounts for gene pools that do not change genetically over time. In this experiment, I intended to determine whether the sample population consisting of my fellow biology lab classmates would fall in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with respect to the ALU insert from human chromosome 8. My hypothesis was that this sample population would fall in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with respect to the ALU insert. To analyze whether this sample population was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium or not, I amplified a sample DNA polymerase from a cheek cell of each individual through PCR and electrophoresis. I then determined the allele frequency and predicted the genotype frequencies from these allele frequencies through the Hardy-Weinberg equation. Based on the chi-squared test, I found that the sample population did fall in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, as my p-value was greater than .05. This is reasonable since conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium appear to be met: inbreeding is infrequent, populations outside of our sample population have allele frequencies resembling those inside our sample population, mutation rate for the ALU insert is minimal, and selection occurs only against rare homozygotes.
Introduction
Population genetics is defined as the research and analysis of a gene pool in a population. A gene pool is the configuration of the sum of the alleles of each individual in a population. A comparison of the genotype frequencies from one generation to another indicates whether evolution has occurred. Gene pools that are not evolving are said to be in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (Campbell 456). The main objective of this human population genetics experiment was to examine the allele frequencies for the sample population of my...
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