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Submitted by Wanna on January 4, 2007
Category: Miscellaneous
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Higher Education in Romania
General facts
Higher education means education beyond secondary school level, at university or college, usually in order to obtain a degree.
The first Romanian universities were established by Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza in Iasi (1860) and later in Bucharest (1864). In Transylvania, the Cluj University was set up in 1872 and in Bucovina, the University of Cernauti (1875). Nowadays, there are about 112 universities and colleges of higher education in Romania, both public and private. Among them, there are 54 state universities and colleges which receive funding from the central government, but also accredited private institutions can also compete for government funds.
Public higher education institutions are coordinated by the Ministry of Education and Research, but university autonomy is fully guaranteed. The Ministry establishes the amount of state funding allocated to each institution, and the institutions may decide for themselves the internal allocation of the funds that are given. They have complete autonomy over their own resources and also have the right to charge fees on students. Internal institution sources include revenues from service and research activities, contribution from individuals and economic agencies and fees paid by students.
Private education is considered an alternative to public education and the institutions of private education, after being accredited, become part of the national educational system.
Admission
Admission to higher education institutes is dependent on the student's performance in the entrance exam. However, one can sit in the entrance examination only if he or she is a high school graduate and also a baccalaureate diploma holder. But those high school graduates who in the last two school years got awards in the international school competitions, in arts or sporting competitions (European, world or Olympic) are...
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