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... However Graves' disease is named after the Irish physician who described
several cases in London Medical Journal in 1835. Graves ...
... of hyperthyroidism. Most often, the entire gland is overproducing thyroid
hormone This is called Graves Disease. Less commonly, a ...
... The Boston Women’s Health Book Collective (2005) states that Graves’ disease
is the most common type of hypothyroidism disease. ...
... Hyperthyroidism in humans is mainly caused by Graves' disease (caused by an
antibody-mediated auto-immune reaction), toxic multinodular goitre (where there ...
... anaphylaxis II) Cytotoxic: mediated by IgG directed against cell- or matrix-associated
antigens autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Graves disease, myasthenia gravis ...
Submitted by TREMEHL on May 18, 2005
Category: Science
Words: 1602 | Pages: 7
Views: 212
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The disease was first noted in 1786 by Caleb Hillier Parry 1755- 1822, physician from General Hospital, Bath, England. His account was published posthumously in 1825.
However Graves' disease is named after the Irish physician who described several cases in London Medical Journal in 1835. Graves' disease is also known as Parry's disease. In Europe, the disease is known as Basedow's disease. It is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis (the morbid condition due to over activity of the thyroid gland).
The disorder has three major manifestations:
Hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter
Ophthalmopathy
and Dermopathy
The three manifestations need not appear together. Indeed one or two never appear, and moreover, the three may run courses that are largely independent of one another.
Graves' disease can occur at any age but is unusual before puberty. It most commonly affects the 30 to 50 year age group. The disease is more frequent in women, the ratio of predominance in women may be as high as 7 : 1.
Genetic factors play a role. There is an association between the disease and the genes HLA ( human leucocyte antigen) B8, -DRw3, -Bw36, -Bw46. Indeed, a 50% concordance is found between identical twins. This means that if one individual in an identical pair of twins is afflicted with Graves' disease, the likelihood of the other sibling coming down with Graves' is 50%.
Being an autoimmune disease, there is a clinical and immunologic overlap between Graves' disease and other diseases with prominent autoimmune features. These include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, pernicious anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE), rheumatoid arthritis ( RA), insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus ( IDDM), and Addison's disease.
Thyroid hormones are important mediators of growth and differentiation. The absence of which leads to cretins in childhood. The hormones are also responsible for...
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