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Fallacies & Their Meanings. Fallacies and Their Meanings Critical thinking and decision
making are learned traits. ... Fallacies can be formal and informal. ...
Fallacies. Fallacies Thinking is such a natural process; we all do it
continually and instinctively yet it seems difficult to define. ...
Fallacies. A fallacy is a defect in an argument other than its having false premises.
Fallacies are divided into two types: formal and informal. ...
Logical Fallacies. A fallacy is ... or reading. For the purposes of this paper,
the fallacies discussed will pertain to arguments. A ...
Fallacies in Advertising. Fallacies in Advertising According to Bassham et
al. (2002), a logical fallacy is “an argument that contains ...
Submitted by rsc1960 on October 17, 2006
Category: Miscellaneous
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Fallacies
There are numerous types of fallacies an individual can possibly encounter every day. In order to recognize a fallacy a person needs to know exactly what a fallacy is. Fallacies often require an individual to use his or her critical thinking skills in order to make intelligent decisions. In this paper I will point out some of the different types of fallacies an individual might encounter, some examples of each fallacy and the effects each may have on the critical thinking and decision-making process.
A logical fallacy is a reasoning error, which is different from an error of the facts. More specifically, a fallacy is an “argument” where the premise given does not provide the conclusion the needed support. An argument consists of one or more premises and one conclusion. A premise is a statement, either true or false that is offered to support a claim being made. The claim, which is the conclusion, can also be either true or false. (LaBossiere, 2004)
Logical fallacies can be one of two types; fallacies of relevance and fallacies of insufficient evidence. Fallacies of relevance are those in which the premises are logically irrelevant to the conclusion. Fallacies of insufficient evidence have premises that appear to be logical to the conclusion but fail to provide enough evidence. (Bassham, Irwin, Nardone, Wallace, 2002)
Ad hominem, or argument against the person, is one of the most common fallacies. This fallacy falls into a general category which claims and/or arguments are rejected on irrelevant facts about the presenter of the claim. Since the claims against the presenter usually have no bearing or significance to the original claim this becomes a fallacy.
In order to make a proper decision an individual will need to remain focused on the rational evaluations of the premises presented and not on an emotional reaction. As individuals people tend to react to personal attacks more than to a complex argument....
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