Preview

Evaluate the Information Processing Models to Learning, Distingush the Main Features of the Multi-Store Model

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1170 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Evaluate the Information Processing Models to Learning, Distingush the Main Features of the Multi-Store Model
THE FOLLOWING ESSAY WAS DONE BY: GURURE BEVERLY
The main thrust of this assertion is to give an evaluation of the information processing models to learning and paying particular attention to features of the multi-store model. According to Ashcraft (1994) information processing model is a framework used by cognitive psychologists to explain and describe mental processes. The multi-stores model propounded by Atkinson and Shiffrin(1968) is a classic model of memory, which describes memory in terms of information flowing through a system. However the model is not without flaws, as it possesses weaknesses as show be critically analyzed in this evaluation.

The information processing model concentrates on how information from the environment through the senses is processed and utilized by the brain.Schunk(1996) posits that the information processing models are various theoretical perspectives dealing with the sequence and execution of cognitive events, mainly focusing on how people react to environmentalstimuli, encode, store, and retrieve when needed. Thus giving the perspective that learners are active seekers and processers of information.
The flow of information primarily can be traced from the environmental stimuli. These are raw facts and figures that we capture from the surrounding using our senses. A stimulus can move from our senses to the short register, when we pay attention to the stimulus, and thus our internal process begins. According to Baron (2001)learning becomes the process of commuting our symbolic representations to memory where there may be processed and the study of learning is primarily through the study of memory
The multi-store model is a classical model of memory which was suggest that memory is made up of a series or stores and information is processed and stored in three stages namely sensory, short term and long term memory. Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) describes memory in terms of flowing through a system. Information enters the sensory

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    The Multi-Store Model explains how memory works through three stages in a fixed, linear sequence. Information is first detected from environmental stimuli and stored in the sensory memory as haptic, echoic or visual information.…

    • 609 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Outline and evaluate one alternative to the multi-store model of memory (e.g. working memory, levels of processing) Craik and Lockhart (1972) advanced the levels of processing theory (LOP) as an alternative to the multi-store model. They argued that deeper levels of processing would greatly enhance the strength and durability of a memory trace and therefore its memorability. Thus if you process information “deeply” then it will be stored. Deep processing would, according to the researchers, occur due to greater depth of analysis, elaboration, organisation and distinctiveness.…

    • 555 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In 1974 the researchers Baddeley and Hitch argued that the picture of short-term memory (STM) provided by the Multi-Store Model was far too simple. Following the Multi-Store Model, it is believed that STM holds limited amounts of information for short periods of time with relatively little processing, it is believed to be a unitary store. This means that due to its single store it has no subsystems, unlike the Working Memory Model which has many subsystems. This proves that the Working Memory is not a unitary store.…

    • 1200 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The multi-store model of memory was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in1968. The model consists of three separate stores – the sensory store, the short term memory and the long term memory. Information enters via our senses (sight, smell, sounds, taste and touch) into the sensory store. We pay attention to some of the things that enter our sensory store, these things them move on into our short term memory. Whatever is stored in the short term memory is only temporary; it can hold 7 items, give or take two. Things only last up 30 seconds in the short term memory and are normally encoded acoustically. After the short term memory things are either forgotten or memorised through the rehearsal loop which will then pass through to the long term memory. According to Atkinson and Shiffrin the rehearsal of information plays a big part in the model, because without it we wouldn’t be able to make any new long term memories. When information enters the long term memory it is usually semantically encoded. It has an unlimited capacity and normally stays in the store up to a life time.…

    • 519 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The original multi-store model is highly criticized for a number of reasons, however the main criticism of the MSM is its oversimplification of the structure and process of the human memory. The multi-store model is too simple and fails to reflect the complexity of the human memory. The MSM fails to explain how some information can enter the human brain without being rehearsed. For instance a student can study for an exam for hours and still not remember the info but can read a magazine once and remember all the info. This relates to Craik and Lockhart’s (1972) proposal of a different model to explain lasting memories; they suggested that enduring memories are created by the processing you do, rather than…

    • 953 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The multi-store model of memory is the beginning of understanding the memory, so it has been influential on many experiments and research conducted on memory. Experiments have been inducted by Sperling using a tachistoscope to prove the duration of the sensory registry and evidence from Peterson and Peterson about the duration of the STM memory by giving participants trigrams, the evidence for encoding in the LTM is shown by Baddeley (1966) who investigated coding in the STM and LTM memory. The multi-store model of memory has also been useful to explain real life things such as primacy effect, for example an interviewer making their first impressions on an interviewee. Case studies are based on people in real life with real…

    • 570 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 2 Assignment

    • 3487 Words
    • 14 Pages

    1. Most current studies aimed at understanding human memory are conducted within a framework known as information-processing theory. This approach makes use of modern computer science and related fields to provide models that help psychologists understand the processes involved in memory. The general principles of the information processing approach to memory include the notion that memory involves three distinct processes. The first process, encoding, is the process of transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory. The second process, storage, is the process of keeping or maintaining information in memory. The final process, retrieval, is the process of bringing to mind information…

    • 3487 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Psychology MSM Evaluation

    • 414 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The multi-store mode is supported by the experiment Sperling 1960 conducted which conveys that short-term memory has a brief duration of 18-30 seconds. The experiment showed that the longer an image was displayed on the screen the better it was recalled; suggesting that if you pay attention to information then it can be retained. Conversely the multi-store model does not account for incidental learning and for why we can remember information that we have not paid attention to. In multi-store model the information is needed to be rehearsed through elaborative or maintenance rehearsal but it doesn’t explain the ability to learn and remember irrelevant information.…

    • 414 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Maps in Your Mind

    • 778 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The theoretical propositions which this research is based on were two 2 modifications to the prevailing view that Tolman proposed. One was that the true nature and complexity of learning could not be fully understood without an examination of the internal mental processes that accompany the observable stimuli and responses. The second was that even though internal cognitive processes could not be directly observed, they could be objectively and scientifically inferred from observable behavior.…

    • 778 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Learning initiates a multitude of definitions from basic to intricate but regardless of the variations it is simply the acquisition of knowledge. As such learning occurs in connection with the many experiences an individual encounters throughout his or her lifespan. Experiences include exposure and interactions to various stimuli, such as a loud noise or an approaching animal. Thus a stimulus can be an object, an action, or an individual perceived as starting a response. In turn a response to a stimuli triggers the acquisition of knowledge about the world around the individual causing him or her to perceive positive and negative experiences and learn from each stimuli encounter. Therefore, the majority of human as well as animal behavior is learned from such responses to various stimuli and is defined as simple stimulus learning. As such the following evaluation explains simple stimulus learning in the form of habituation as well as identifying the factors affecting perceptual learning, the effects of stimulus exposure, and the application to real life situations.…

    • 2046 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Memory Era - Psychology

    • 428 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Memory is the ability to store and retrieve previously learnt information. Memory can be described using a variety of models. Two of these theories are Baddeley and Hitch model and Atkinson Shiffrin model.…

    • 428 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Learning is a procedure in which an individual increases their knowledge in a certain area. Whether behavioural or skill based, the action that an individual takes in a particular situation can be changed in a variety of ways. I am concentrating on the effect of feedback in this process. The information processing theory explains behaviour in terms of nervous system activity and is supported by many slightly varying models. These models seem to agree on at least three major compulsory stages. These are, the perceptual mechanism,…

    • 718 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Humans have many learning and memory systems. The major system are procedural, perceptual representation semantic (PRS), primary and episodic. They are classification with memory proposed. It is investigated by cognition information processing researchers. It includes subsystems that distinguished from systems by different kinds of information. They are presumed to process.…

    • 1880 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    long-term memory (LTM). It describes memory as something made up of a series of stores…

    • 359 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Scientists and psychologists have studied the topic of learning for more than a century, and merely scratched the surface of how the brain functions in respect to learning and cognition. Factors, such as learning is a basic function of human beings, and humans are born with specific innate abilities, however it is still somewhat of a mystery how the process of learning is accomplished. Within this essay, a definition of learning, the component of behavior concerning learning, two diverse methods of learning, and the affiliation linking learning and cognition will be examined.…

    • 952 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays