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The Enlightenment

Jonathan Bach
HIST 135-06
Test I
9/30/03

Enlightenment in Colonial Society

The Enlightenment began in the mid to late 17th century; almost every source gives different dates and doesn't really specify when exactly it started. It consisted as more of a religious revolution, but it also had to do with the emergence of different specialized professions. A major point of the English Enlightenment was that it did not like the idea of a vengeful God, nor did it like the idea that man could only retain so much knowledge and a certain social standing.
John Tillotson, who was the archbishop of Canterbury until 1694 would preach, "morality rather than dogma and had a way of defending the doctrine of eternal damnation that left his listeners wondering how a merciful God could possibly have ordained such a cruel punishment." Anglicans hated firm scripture, fought against different superstitions, "scoffed" at experiences that were told from word of mouth, and discarded all "fanaticism". It didn't matter if it came from the "High Church Laudians" or the Puritans, both of which caused major problems in England.
Sir Isaac Newton's laws of motion were said to be maybe the greatest "intellectual achievements" of all time. Many people suspected that they had already surpassed the wisdom and achievements of the ancient thinkers. Sir Isaac Newton's ideas combined with philosopher John Locke ideas were what fueled it the most.
The American colonies began to embrace these new enlightened ideas, and individual people had knowledge about them even before the newspapers could get the word out. John Tillotson had probably the biggest impact on Americans, and made an even bigger impression on Harvard University. Two young men who had been tutors at Harvard University were huge advocates of Tillotson's ideas, and one of them went on to replace the old college president, Increase Mather, in 1707; and, made Tillotson's ideas a heavily studied subject, his name was...