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ehical egoism Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant was a brilliant thinker of the eighteenth century who was influenced by the philosophers that preceded him such as Leibniz,
Submitted by hardhat on July 29, 2008
Category: Philosophy
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Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant was a brilliant thinker of the eighteenth century who was influenced by the philosophers that preceded him such as Leibniz, Wolff, and especially David Hume. However, rather than accepting their philosophical answers as truth, and continuing along the lines of what they had established, he instead used their ideas as a springboard from which he created his own theories of philosophy, morality, and ethics. His theories were both original and unique and ultimately paved the way for modern philosophical ideas.
What spurred Kant on his quest to develop alternatives answers to the philosophical questions of his day was his dissatisfaction of the answers that the current philosophies offered. The major studies of Kant’s day were Continental rationalism and British empiricism. Continental rationalism dealt more with ideas than actual experiences. It was more speculative about how the world around us really was, more metaphysical if you will, and for this reason, Kant viewed these ideas as more dogmatic in nature than scientific or philosophical. British empiricism, on the other hand, believed that knowledge was only derived from actual experiences and that no knowledge could be inferred on future events based on what was experienced in the present. Kant found this to be problematic because scientific knowledge is based on inductive inference and the absence of scientific knowledge leads to skepticism. According to Stumpf-Fieser, ”Kant was left with serious questions about philosophy because of the dogmatism of rationalism and the skepticism of empiricism.”(2008, p.178) In addition to these two main philosophies, there was Newtonian physics. It was different in that it applied scientific inquiry to all of reality, both what we could experience as well as abstract ideas such as freedom and God. Kant basically took what he liked from all these disciplines and created his own philosophy.
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