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Submitted by Emperor on March 25, 2006
Category: Business
Words: 1577 | Pages: 7
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Scientific management is one best way for a job to be done and to improve worker efficiency (Robbins, 1994, p.32). Frederick Winslow Taylor was known to have applied the scientific management because he was very concern about time, there are 2 other people that helped Taylor a lot of formalizing scientific management, they were: Frank & Lillian Gilbreth and Henry Gantt.
1.0 Frederick Winslow Taylor
1.1 Start of Scientific Management
F.W. Taylor began scientific management during the second industry revolution that started in 1850, which were the development of ships and railways that had the power from steam and also the development of electrical power generation. Taylor was born in 1856, he worked his way up from a labourer to a chief engineer for over 6 years (Bartol, Margaret, Graham, and Martin, 2005, p.34), he then he saw managers were struggled to control workers to work more efficient and they purposely work below capacity that could increase productivity, which is called soldiering. There are 3 causes to soldiering, they are:
1) They thought if they became more productive, fewer of them would be needed and jobs would be removed.
2) The wage system did not motivate the workers to work harder because they receive the same pay, regardless of how much is produced. Hence, employees fears that management will decrease the pay if they set a new standard of a faster pace, which lead to increase in quantity.
3) Workers wasted much of their effort by relying on rule-of-thumb methods (Bartol et al, 2005, p.35).
1.2 The Principles
To counter soldiering and improve the labour efficiency, he made four principles of scientific management: Firstly Scientifically study each part of a task and develop the best method for performing it; next principle is to select, train and develop workers instead of allowing them to choose their own tasks and train themselves as best they could; the third...
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