Dna Barcoding
DNA Barcoding
Click on the following link and view the background on DNA barcoding: https://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/dna-barcoding.html
1. What is a DNA barcode?
DNA barcoding is a fast accurate method of identifying plants and animals, or products made from them. DNA barcode is DNA sequence that uniquely identifies each species of living things. Short DNA sequences are used to identify species by comparing them with the known barcodes in large databases. When you get to the section where the animation separates into plant and animal cells, select animal cells: 2. What are the two steps taken at the beginning of the process to break down the cell membrane? a. In order to dissolve organelles lysis solution is added. b. A pestle …show more content…
What is the function of DNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase generate DNA copies by inspection the DNA code and binding to nucleotides that match.
6. What is special about the DNA polymerase used in PCR?
DNA polymerase in PCR is able to handle high heat.
7. Name the apparatus that will heat and cool the sample.
DNA Thermal Cycler
8. Why is the sample heated to almost the boiling point?
At this temperature the double strands of DNA are pulled apart into two single strands.
9. Why is the sample then cooled?
This temperature the single strands can rejoin before this occurs primers attach to their target sequence.
10. Why is the sample then brought up to 72 degrees Celsius?
DNA polymerase is turned on at this temperature allowing it to add the corresponding nucleotides on a DNA strand by locating a primer attached to a DNA strand.
DNA Gel Electrophoresis
Click on the following link and perform the gel electrophoresis experiment: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/gel/ 1. What is the function of gel electrophoresis?
Way to sort and measure DNA strands according to length. This technique is also useful for separating other types of molecules, like proteins.
2. Where are DNA samples placed in the …show more content…
electrophoresis box- Allows voltage to be applied to the gel g. DNA size standard- Set of standards that are used to identify the approximate size of molecule run.
8. Does DNA have a positive or negative charge?
DNA has an overall negative charge because of the phosphate groups in the DNA backbone.
9. Which electrode does the DNA move toward?
Toward the positive electrode.
10. What indicates that the electric current is running?
The movement of molecules from one end of the gel to the other.
11. Name the chemical used to stain the DNA?
We used Sybrsafe to stain the DNA but ethidium bromide can also be used.
12. What is used to reveal the stained DNA?
By putting the gel in ultraviolet transilluminator
13. What two things in this experiment can be dangerous and why? a. Electrophoresis units at 100 volts can provide a lethal shock b. Acrylamide has hazards it’s a nerve toxin/ ethidium bromide is carcinogenic.
14. What protective equipment can be used to minimize the danger? a. Wear gloves b. Using power supplies with safety features that detect issues with electrical circuit
15. What were the estimated lengths of your DNA fragments?
a) 6000 bp
b) 3500 bp
c) 1500
Click on the following link and view the background on DNA barcoding: https://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/dna-barcoding.html
1. What is a DNA barcode?
DNA barcoding is a fast accurate method of identifying plants and animals, or products made from them. DNA barcode is DNA sequence that uniquely identifies each species of living things. Short DNA sequences are used to identify species by comparing them with the known barcodes in large databases. When you get to the section where the animation separates into plant and animal cells, select animal cells: 2. What are the two steps taken at the beginning of the process to break down the cell membrane? a. In order to dissolve organelles lysis solution is added. b. A pestle …show more content…
What is the function of DNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase generate DNA copies by inspection the DNA code and binding to nucleotides that match.
6. What is special about the DNA polymerase used in PCR?
DNA polymerase in PCR is able to handle high heat.
7. Name the apparatus that will heat and cool the sample.
DNA Thermal Cycler
8. Why is the sample heated to almost the boiling point?
At this temperature the double strands of DNA are pulled apart into two single strands.
9. Why is the sample then cooled?
This temperature the single strands can rejoin before this occurs primers attach to their target sequence.
10. Why is the sample then brought up to 72 degrees Celsius?
DNA polymerase is turned on at this temperature allowing it to add the corresponding nucleotides on a DNA strand by locating a primer attached to a DNA strand.
DNA Gel Electrophoresis
Click on the following link and perform the gel electrophoresis experiment: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/gel/ 1. What is the function of gel electrophoresis?
Way to sort and measure DNA strands according to length. This technique is also useful for separating other types of molecules, like proteins.
2. Where are DNA samples placed in the …show more content…
electrophoresis box- Allows voltage to be applied to the gel g. DNA size standard- Set of standards that are used to identify the approximate size of molecule run.
8. Does DNA have a positive or negative charge?
DNA has an overall negative charge because of the phosphate groups in the DNA backbone.
9. Which electrode does the DNA move toward?
Toward the positive electrode.
10. What indicates that the electric current is running?
The movement of molecules from one end of the gel to the other.
11. Name the chemical used to stain the DNA?
We used Sybrsafe to stain the DNA but ethidium bromide can also be used.
12. What is used to reveal the stained DNA?
By putting the gel in ultraviolet transilluminator
13. What two things in this experiment can be dangerous and why? a. Electrophoresis units at 100 volts can provide a lethal shock b. Acrylamide has hazards it’s a nerve toxin/ ethidium bromide is carcinogenic.
14. What protective equipment can be used to minimize the danger? a. Wear gloves b. Using power supplies with safety features that detect issues with electrical circuit
15. What were the estimated lengths of your DNA fragments?
a) 6000 bp
b) 3500 bp
c) 1500