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D-Day

D-Day: The Invasion of Normandy
        When on D-Day-June 6, 1944-Allied armies landed in Normandy on the North-western coast of France, one of the most important events of World War II happened; the fate of Europe hung on the results of the invasion. If the invasion failed, the United States might turn its full attention to the enemy in the Pacific-Japan-leaving Britain alone, with most of its resources spent in mounting the invasion. That would enable Nazi Germany to gather all its strength against the Soviet Union. By the time American forces returned to Europe, Germany might have control of the entire continent.
        Although fewer Allied ground troops went ashore on D-Day than on the first day of the earlier invasion of Sicily, the invasion of Normandy was in total history's greatest amphibious operation, involving on the first day 5,000 ships (the largest group of ships ever assembled), 11,000 planes, and about 154,000 British, Canadian and American soldiers, including 23,000 arriving by parachute and glider.   The invasion also involved a long-range deception plan on a scale that the world had never before seen and the secret operations of tens of thousands of allied resistance fighters in Nazi-occupied countries of Western Europe.
        American General Dwight D. Eisenhower was named supreme commander for the allies in Europe. British General, Sir Frederick Morgan, established a combined American-British headquarters known as COSSAC, for Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander. COSSAC developed a number of plans for the Allies; most notable was that of Operation Overlord, a full-scale invasion of France across the English Channel.
        Eisenhower felt that COSSAC's plan was a sound operation. After reviewing the bad hit-and-run raid in 1942 in Dieppe, planners decided that the strength of German defenses required not a number of separate assaults by relatively small units but an immense concentration of power in a single main landing....