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Cloning and Genectic Engineering. Cloning and Genetic Engineering have been
around for half a century, and always it has never been ...
Submitted by jdcargile on December 7, 2006
Category: Science
Words: 1695 | Pages: 7
Views: 269
Popularity Rank: 36,038
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Cloning and Genetic Engineering have been around for half a century, and always it has never been what these sciences have to offer the world, it has always been the ethics behind genetic engineering and cloning that stops this technology from moving forward. Throughout this paper, I would like to discuss the different types of cloning and genetic engineering and what benefits they provide as well as the ethics they have destroyed along the way. Also, I want to describe the different processes and procedures that scientists have discovered to actually clone a human embryo and create “Dolly” the sheep.
First of all, I would like to speak about the process of and the differences between genetic engineering and cloning. Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individuals through asexual reproduction. Currently, there are two different types of cloning. The first, blastocyst, or embryo splitting, consists of two to eight cells. At this stage in development, cells are not yet organized into different organ systems. Each cell is capable of reproducing and entire organism, which occurs naturally like that in twins or triplets. The second, nuclei transfer using embryonic and fetal cells, the nucleus of an early embryo is transferred to an unfertilized egg from which the original nucleus has been removed. (Boss pg. 135-137.)
Genetic engineering includes two different processes called gene therapy and gene enhancement. Gene enhancement involves the manipulation of the germ cell to improve the genetic code of a being. Gene therapy is when a new gene is introduced to override a defective gene. There are two different types of gene therapy, which consist of somatic cell therapy and germ line therapy. In somatic cell therapy, normal genes are introduced to produce something, such as an enzyme or protein that is lacking because of a genetic defect. Because somatic cell therapy is only a treatment, it does not get rid of the defective gene or...
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