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The influence of the use of mobile phones on driver situation awareness
By
Andrew Parkes, Transport Research Laboratory, Crowthorne, England. aparkes@trl.co.uk
&
Victor Hooijmeijer, Verkeersadviesburo Diepens en Okkema, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
v.hooijmeijer@eindhoven.diepensenokkema.nl
Abstract
The driving performance of 15 subjects in a simulated road environment has been studied both with and
without a hands-free telephone conversation. The performance indicators used were choice reaction time,
braking profile, lateral position, speed, and situation awareness. The driving task was relatively easy, and the
young drivers studies were able to have a hands-free telephone conversation and perform well with respect to
lateral position, the variation in lateral position of the car, and speed maintenance. However, significant
differences were found in choice reaction time, especially in the beginning stages of the telephone conversation,
and in situation awareness. The subjects reacted significantly slower to an unexpected event in the first two
minutes of the telephone conversation and were, for a large part of the telephone conversation, unaware of
traffic movements around them.
Introduction
A survey in the United States has revealed that the vast majority (84%) of mobile phone users believe
that using a phone is a distraction and increases the likelihood of an accident (IRC, 1999). The same
respondents report however that 61% of them use their mobile phone while driving and around 30% use their
phone frequently or fairly often. Since mobile phone use in cars is a relatively new phenomenon, and since the
effects of mobile phone use on traffic safety are still unclear, laws regarding this subject vary between different
countries. Some countries use a mixture of legislation and recommendation, but are not...
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