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British Lit Term Paper

The definition of the word "Utopia" is defined as a
place or state of ideal perfection (A Dictionary of
the English Language 1575). How can a society
reach a point of Utopia? Although many countries
have tried to achieve such a goal, they have been
unable to attain a state of perfection. In 1984,
written by George Orwell, government takes control
of every aspect of person's life in an attempt to
achieve "perfection". In Childhood's End, written by
Arthur C. Clarke, the human race is assimilated into
a Supreme Being allowing humanity to enter into
state of Utopia. Did Orwell and Clarke really
characterize utopian societies? Although on the
surface the two books seem to portray
characteristics of Utopian societies, in reality both
societies leave people without free will and
individuality leading to an anti-utopian society.

George Orwell creates a society, Oceania, which
revolves around "Big Brother," the name of the
government in power. Big Brother controls every
aspect of society including political, social, and
economic activities as well as every aspect of the
individual including both physical and mental
behavior. Big Brother is able to manipulate its
citizens to suite its own needs. Using science and
technology as well as fear and intimidation, Big
Brother eliminates all forms of individualism,
independent thinking, and free choice. This leaves
the government with the freedom to continuously
shape and reshape all thoughts and activities of its
citizens. In effect, Big Brother creates a utopian
society by constantly monitoring, brainwashing, and
if necessary destroying its citizens. This perfect
society is achieved through the principles and
practices of totalitarianism.

The goal of creating a utopian society is attained by
eliminating unhappiness. Big Brother uses a
number of different techniques to acquire the
support of his citizens and to control their behavior
and actions. By using various psychological
techniques...