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Appendix D

Axia College Material

Appendix D

Pragmatism, Analytic Philosophy, and Philosophy of Mind Matrix

In the matrix below, describe the historical development, key contributors, and principle issues of pragmatism, analytic philosophy, and the Philosophy of Mind.

Pragmatism Analytic Philosophy Philosophy of Mind
Historical Development Pragmatism arose as the most sophisticated attempt to reconcile science and religion in the wake of the widespread acceptance of Darwinian biology The analytic program in philosophy is ordinarily dated to the work of English philosophers Bertrand Russell and G. E. Moore in the early 20th century. They turned away from then-dominant forms of Hegelianism (objecting in particular to its idealism and purported obscurity) and began to develop a new sort of conceptual analysis, based on new developments in logic.
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Key Contributors Key players: Charles Sanders Pierce (first to state the pragmatic maxim); Joseph Margolis; Quine; Bertrand Russell; William James; John Dewey; George Herbert Mead...pragmatists were inspired by Kant, Thomas Reid, and Hume (among others.)
Key issues: Those who adhere to pragmatism usually believe that practical consequences or real effects are vital components of both meaning and truth. Other aspects include anti-Cartesians, radical empiricism, instrumentalism, anti-realism, verifications, conceptual relativity, a denial of the fact-value distinction, a high regard for science, and fallibilism.
Their thought process is influenced by Darwinism. It challenges the belief that action and knowledge are in separate spheres--and therefore that theory and practice are not in separate spheres. They believe that truth is mutable. Philosophical tradition that emphasizes the logical analysis of concepts and the study of the language in which they are expressed. It has been the dominant approach in philosophy in the English-speaking world from the early 20th century. With respect to its problems, methods, and...